Riparian Restoration for
Stream Bank Protection

Flowing water can scour and erode stream banks and watercourses causing disturbances to fish habitat and drinking water quality. Water Bioengineering involves the use of vegetation for the engineering and ecological enhancement of riverbanks and shores (Schiechtl and Stern, 1994).

Stabilization includes many techniques that can be employed to control stream bank erosion. Selection of the most appropriate approach requires careful consideration of project objectives, habitat issues, site conditions, and budgetary constraints.

Bank stabilization techniques may be classified as one of three structural types (Watershed Restoration Technical Circular No.9):

1. Rock methods employ large boulder or rip rap to armor the bank or redirect flows. Types include: rock toe keys, groynes, rock revetments, turning rocks and tie backs.

2. Vegetative methods utilize plants or plant cuttings for bank stabilization. Types include: herbaceous ground cover, rooted stock, live cuttings, fascines, brush mattresses and brush layers.

3. Integrated methods incorporate a variety of materials such as rock, timber, soil or plants and may also include fabrics such as jute or coil mesh. Types include: joint planting, vegetated geogrids, vegetated riprap, live cribwalls, tree revetments and large woody debris.